A close game in Barranquilla ended 2-1 to hosts Colombia, earning them a first win against the Argentines since 2019.
Both Villans started the game, which saw Yerson Mosquera put the home side into a first half lead.
Nico Gonzalez responded with an equaliser but James Rodriguez stepped up to beat Martínez from the penalty spot on the hour mark to secure the win.
The result leaves Argentina top of CONMEBOL 2026 World Cup qualifying, with Colombia now just two points behind.